Frozen Shoulder: Understanding Root Causes, Manifesting Symptoms, and Potential Treatments
In a bid to alleviate the discomfort and stiffness associated with frozen shoulder, the American Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) and Harvard Medical School recommend gentle stretching and mobility exercises as key approaches. These exercises, when done under the guidance of a physical therapist, can help maintain and improve flexibility, reduce stiffness, and promote controlled movement of the joint.
The shoulder pendulum exercise involves letting the arm hang and gently swinging it to promote mobility without strain. Another beneficial exercise is the wall climb, where one uses their fingers to "walk" the hand up a wall, gradually increasing shoulder elevation. Cross-body stretches, which involve gently pulling the arm across the chest to stretch the shoulder capsule, are also recommended to prevent tightness.
Regular controlled movement through gentle mobility exercises is crucial in improving outcomes for those suffering from frozen shoulder. These exercises, combined with rest, avoiding painful activities, and therapies such as ice or heat, form a conservative treatment approach recommended before considering surgical options.
Following a consistent home exercise program is essential to prevent re-freezing of the joint and to maintain gains in mobility achieved during therapy.
Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition that causes the shoulder to stiffen and reduce mobility. It is characterised by three stages: Freezing, Frozen, and Thawing. During the Freezing stage, pain increases and makes shoulder motion harder, particularly at night. The Frozen stage sees a decrease in pain but the shoulder remains stiff and movement may be restricted. The Thawing stage is characterised by improved movement and potential recurrence of pain.
Other treatments for frozen shoulder include painkillers such as ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and prescription painkillers like codeine, which can help reduce pain. Corticosteroid injections can provide pain relief but repeated use is discouraged due to potential adverse effects. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) can help numb nerve endings in the spinal cord that control pain. Hot or cold compression packs can also help reduce pain and swelling.
In some cases, shoulder arthroscopy, a minimally invasive type of surgery, may be used to remove scar tissue or adhesions. However, this is a less common approach, and maintaining mobility and flexibility through exercise and other conservative methods is often the first line of defence.
It is important to note that frozen shoulder is not related to arthritis, which may affect multiple joints. The exact cause of frozen shoulder is not fully understood, but it is thought to happen when scar tissue forms in the shoulder. Common risk factors include being over 40 years of age, being a woman, recent trauma (surgery or arm fracture), and having diabetes.
In conclusion, a combination of gentle exercises, regular movement, and other conservative treatments can help manage and potentially reverse the symptoms of frozen shoulder. It is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for guidance on the most appropriate treatment plan.
| Exercise Type | Purpose | Notes | |------------------------|------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------| | Shoulder Pendulum | Promote gentle joint movement | Avoids strain | | Wall Climb | Increase shoulder elevation range | Gradual, finger walking motion| | Cross-Body Stretch | Stretch shoulder capsule to prevent tightness | Done gently |
- The American Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) and Harvard Medical School recommend the shoulder pendulum exercise to promote mobility without strain in the joint.
- Another exercise, the wall climb, can be beneficial in increasing shoulder elevation and promoting controlled movement of the joint.
- Cross-body stretches, which prevent tightness in the shoulder capsule, are also recommended in the conservative treatment approach for frozen shoulder.
- CBD, a non-prescription alternative, may potentially help manage pain associated with chronic diseases like frozen shoulder, however, it is essential to consult with a medical professional before use.
- In the health and wellness sector, regular fitness and exercise, along with mental health considerations, are important aspects in maintaining overall well-being, including managing conditions like frozen shoulder.
