Expanded on Feline Dilated Cardiomyopathy, a Heart Condition by Sarah J. Wooten, DVM, evaluated by Emily Oliver, CVT on 07/31/2025. Published on 07/30/2023
In the feline world, heart health is as important as it is for humans. One condition that cat owners should be aware of is Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM). While a dietary deficiency in taurine is a well-known cause of DCM in cats, there are other factors that can contribute to this heart disease.
Research shows that genetic predispositions play a significant role in the development of DCM. Certain breeds, such as Burmese, Siamese, and Abyssinians, are more susceptible to this condition. Beyond taurine deficiency, primary myocardial diseases weakening the heart muscle are another common cause of DCM.
Unlike Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, which is more prevalent in cats and often associated with hypertension or aortic outflow obstruction, DCM involves the heart muscle becoming weak and flabby. Other systemic or inflammatory diseases affecting the heart muscle may also contribute to DCM, although these are less clearly defined for cats.
Related conditions of DCM include congestive heart failure, thromboembolism, pleural effusion, and in rare cases, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
If your cat is diagnosed with DCM not related to a taurine deficiency, the prognosis is generally poor, with survival usually being weeks to months after the initial diagnosis. However, regular recheck appointments with a veterinarian are crucial for monitoring response to therapy and managing medications.
Treatment for DCM typically involves heart medication, such as Furosemide, a diuretic, to remove excess fluid from the body, and Pimobendan or Digoxin to strengthen the heart muscle and dilate blood vessels. Blood vessel dilators may also be prescribed to reduce the work the heart has to do.
Prevention is key, and ensuring your cat eats a high-quality cat food containing animal protein can help prevent a taurine deficiency and DCM. It's also important to avoid feeding cats a vegetarian or vegan diet.
Cats with DCM should be kept indoors in a low-stress environment. Regular check-ups with a veterinarian, careful diet management, and appropriate medication can help manage this condition and improve your cat's quality of life.
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