Early detection of stomach cancer: Is it achievable by medical professionals?
Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, can be a serious health concern. While the early symptoms may be subtle or absent, regular screening and prompt medical attention can significantly improve the chances of successful treatment.
Symptoms of Stomach Cancer
Common symptoms of stomach cancer include persistent indigestion or heartburn, abdominal pain or discomfort, nausea or vomiting, feeling full after eating small amounts of food (early satiety), bloating after meals, loss of appetite, unintentional weight loss, black or tarry stools (melena), fatigue due to anemia, and sometimes fluid buildup or swelling in the abdomen.
Diagnostic Tests
The diagnostic tests typically used to detect stomach cancer include physical examination, endoscopy (gastroscopy), imaging tests, and laboratory tests. A physical examination can help check for stomach lumps, abdominal swelling, or signs of anemia. Endoscopy, considered the gold standard for diagnosis, involves direct visualization and biopsy of the stomach lining to detect cancer cells. Imaging tests like CT scans, barium swallow X-rays, and PET scans can assess tumor location and spread. Laboratory tests, such as blood tests, may check for anemia or H. pylori infection, a known risk factor for stomach cancer.
Screening and Prevention
Screening for stomach cancer may involve an upper endoscopy, a procedure where a doctor inserts a thin tube with a camera on one end through the throat to examine the stomach area. People at increased risk, such as those with Lynch syndrome, precancerous stomach conditions, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), or a family history of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC), may require more frequent screening.
Early Detection and Treatment
The earlier people receive a diagnosis and treatment, the greater the chance of successful treatment and a positive outlook. If you are experiencing symptoms of stomach cancer, it is crucial to contact a doctor to determine the underlying cause.
New Developments
Researchers are investigating a new type of test called a multi-cancer early detection test (MCED) for detecting multiple types of cancer from a blood sample. This development could potentially lead to earlier detection and improved outcomes for various types of cancer, including stomach cancer.
In summary, stomach cancer often presents with nonspecific digestive symptoms and is diagnosed primarily through endoscopic biopsy supported by imaging and clinical examination. Early detection greatly improves outcomes, so it is essential to seek medical attention if you experience persistent symptoms.
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